When you're shopping for a PTAC (Packaged Terminal Air Conditioner), one of the most critical decisions you'll make isn't just the size or brand—it's the type of heating the unit provides. PTACs are versatile in that they offer multiple heating options built into a single wall-mounted unit: electric resistance heat, heat pumps, or hydronic systems (water or steam).
So which one should you choose?
In this deep-dive guide, I’ll break down the pros, cons, and ideal use cases for each heating type. Whether you’re outfitting a multifamily property, retrofitting a hotel, or simply upgrading a sunroom, understanding these heating systems can help you reduce energy bills, improve comfort, and choose the right system for the long haul.
🔥 The Three Main Types of PTAC Heating
1. Electric Resistance Heat
This is the most common and straightforward option. PTACs with electric heat include built-in coils that warm up when electricity passes through—essentially the same technology used in space heaters or toaster ovens.
✅ Pros:
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Simple installation—no external plumbing required
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Low initial cost
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Great for mild climates or backup heat
❌ Cons:
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Less energy-efficient than other options
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Higher utility costs, especially in colder regions
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Can strain circuits in older buildings
Electric heat is ideal if you're installing in moderate climates, need a backup for a heat pump, or want a simple plug-and-play unit. For a cost comparison, the U.S. Department of Energy offers a helpful space heating breakdown by type.
2. Heat Pump PTAC Units
Heat pump PTACs use refrigerant to reverse the cooling cycle, drawing in outdoor air and compressing it to create heat. This method uses significantly less electricity than electric resistance heat.
✅ Pros:
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Highly energy-efficient (especially in moderate climates)
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Lower operating costs than electric-only models
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Environmentally friendly—works well with R-32 refrigerant
❌ Cons:
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Less effective in extreme cold (below 25°F)
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Slightly higher upfront cost
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May require more maintenance due to complexity
For those living in areas with mild winters, a heat pump can be a game-changer. According to ENERGY STAR, heat pumps can reduce electricity use for heating by up to 50% compared to electric resistance heaters. Learn more from the official ENERGY STAR guide on heat pumps.
3. Hydronic (Water or Steam Coil) PTACs
These systems connect to a central boiler system, circulating heated water or steam through a coil inside the PTAC to warm the air.
✅ Pros:
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Extremely energy-efficient in buildings with existing boiler systems
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Quiet operation
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Lower long-term heating costs in large commercial or multifamily setups
❌ Cons:
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Requires plumbing and central heating infrastructure
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Not ideal for single-family homes or stand-alone installs
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Limited flexibility in retrofits
Hydronic units are often used in hotels, senior living facilities, and dormitories. If your building already has a centralized hydronic system, this can be a no-brainer. For further details on hydronic heating benefits, visit This Old House’s hydronic guide.
🔌 A Quick Look at Combo Units: Heat Pump + Electric Backup
Some PTACs combine both heat pump technology and electric resistance backup. When outdoor temperatures drop too low for the heat pump to work efficiently, the electric coils kick in to maintain your set temperature.
These combo units offer:
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Energy savings during mild weather
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Reliable performance in cold snaps
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Smart thermostat compatibility
This hybrid approach is ideal for areas with fluctuating seasonal temperatures, like the Mid-Atlantic or Southern Midwest.
🧱 Installation Considerations by Heating Type
| Heating Type | Plumbing Needed? | Best For | Efficiency Rating |
|---|---|---|---|
| Electric | ❌ | Mild climates, backups | Moderate |
| Heat Pump | ❌ | Moderate climates | High |
| Hydronic | ✅ | Commercial buildings | Very High |
Also factor in voltage compatibility and amperage when choosing your unit. Need help? Read our companion guide: PTAC Installation 101.
🌡️ Energy Efficiency and Cost Considerations
When comparing heating methods, it’s not just about installation ease—it’s about long-term cost efficiency. Here’s a rough cost comparison for running each heating type over 1,000 hours:
| Heating Type | Average Cost (per 1,000 hrs) |
|---|---|
| Electric Heat | $300–$500 |
| Heat Pump | $100–$250 |
| Hydronic (boiler) | $80–$200 (with gas boiler) |
(Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration)
🛠️ Maintenance Tips for Each Type
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Electric heat: Check for dust buildup and test heating coil annually.
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Heat pumps: Clean filters monthly; inspect refrigerant lines and compressor seasonally.
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Hydronic: Flush coils annually; check boiler pressure and water valves.
For ongoing maintenance help, check out our detailed guide: Seasonal PTAC Maintenance Checklist.
💬 Final Thoughts from Mark
Choosing the right heating method for your PTAC system is more than just picking what's cheapest upfront. Think about how the system will operate in your climate, what infrastructure you already have, and what kind of energy bills you’re ready to live with.
Still not sure which type to go with? Give us a call or browse our R-32 PTAC collection to compare efficiency ratings and heating types side by side.
And remember: Whether you’re upgrading a single unit or retrofitting a full building, heating type can make or break your comfort, energy use, and bottom line.
