Introduction: Why Refrigerants Matter More Than You Think
When it comes to through-the-wall air conditioners, most buyers focus on size, BTUs, or price — and that’s fair. But here’s something most people don’t realize: the type of refrigerant inside your AC unit can make a big difference in efficiency, environmental impact, and even long-term cost of ownership.
For decades, the HVAC industry relied on refrigerants like R-22 and later R-410A. But those are rapidly being phased out because of their harmful effects on the ozone layer and global warming potential. Enter R-32, a newer refrigerant that’s reshaping how we think about air conditioning — including in through-the-wall units.
In this article, I’ll explain the nuts and bolts of R-32 refrigerant: what it is, how it compares to other refrigerants, why it’s better for your home and the planet, and what to look out for when shopping through-the-wall AC units.
🔥 What Is R-32 Refrigerant?
R-32, also known as difluoromethane, is a single-component refrigerant gas used in newer air conditioning systems. It belongs to the hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) family but has significantly lower global warming potential (GWP) than many older refrigerants.
Here’s why that matters:
-
Lower GWP: R-32’s GWP is about 675, compared to R-410A’s GWP of 2088. That means R-32 traps much less heat in the atmosphere if it leaks, helping reduce climate change effects.
-
Better Efficiency: R-32 systems typically run with higher energy efficiency, translating to lower electricity bills.
-
Lower Refrigerant Charge: Because R-32 is more efficient at heat transfer, systems require less refrigerant, reducing environmental impact further.
To get a deeper understanding of refrigerants and their environmental impacts, the EPA’s guide on refrigerants is an excellent resource that explains how refrigerants affect the atmosphere and what’s being done to regulate them.
⚖️ Comparing R-32 to Other Common Refrigerants
R-22 (Freon) — The Old Guard
R-22 was the standard refrigerant for decades but is now phased out under the Montreal Protocol due to its ozone-depleting properties. It’s no longer manufactured or imported in the U.S., making repairs or recharging costly and difficult.
R-410A — The Current Standard, But Not Perfect
R-410A replaced R-22 about 10–15 years ago. While it doesn’t harm the ozone layer, it has a high GWP, meaning it still contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions. It also requires a larger refrigerant charge and can be less efficient compared to R-32.
R-32 — The Next Step Forward
R-32 offers a balanced mix of:
-
Lower environmental impact (lower GWP)
-
Higher energy efficiency
-
Cost-effective manufacture and servicing
-
Compatibility with existing AC designs (though specialized servicing is required)
For through-the-wall air conditioners, which are typically smaller and compact, R-32 is an ideal refrigerant because it helps reduce system size and power consumption without sacrificing performance.
If you want to learn more about the global effort to phase down harmful refrigerants like R-22 and R-410A, the Montreal Protocol and its Kigali Amendment provide important international context on why R-32 adoption is accelerating worldwide.
🌿 Environmental Impact: Why R-32 Is Better for the Planet
The HVAC industry faces increasing regulations targeting refrigerants that harm the ozone layer or contribute to global warming. The Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol mandates a phasedown of high-GWP refrigerants worldwide, including many older HFCs.
R-32's lower GWP means:
-
Less greenhouse gas emissions if leaks occur
-
Alignment with upcoming regulations and rebate programs
-
Lower carbon footprint over the lifetime of your AC unit
Switching to R-32 through-the-wall air conditioners isn’t just smart for your utility bills — it’s a responsible choice for reducing your home's environmental impact.
💡 What Homeowners Should Know About R-32 Through-The-Wall AC Units
1. Efficiency and Savings
R-32 units typically come with higher SEER or EER ratings (Seasonal/Energy Efficiency Ratios). This means more cooling power per watt of electricity, which means lower utility bills over time.
For detailed tips on how to save money and energy with air conditioning, the ENERGY STAR program offers practical advice and certified product lists to help you choose efficient systems.
2. Handling and Servicing
R-32 is mildly flammable (classified as A2L), which requires specially trained HVAC technicians for installation and servicing. This differs from R-410A, so always confirm your technician is qualified to handle R-32 safely.
3. Availability and Cost
R-32 air conditioners are becoming increasingly common and competitively priced. While the upfront cost might be slightly higher than older units, the efficiency gains and rebate eligibility often make it worthwhile.
🔧 Installation and Maintenance Considerations
When installing an R-32 through-the-wall AC, it’s important to:
-
Use properly rated fittings and leak detection tools
-
Ensure tight seals around the unit to prevent refrigerant leaks
-
Schedule regular maintenance to keep coils clean and airflow unrestricted
-
Work with HVAC pros certified to handle A2L refrigerants safely
Regular maintenance ensures your unit runs at peak efficiency and helps spot issues early before they become costly repairs.
🔗 How to Spot an R-32 Through-The-Wall AC When Shopping
Look for:
-
Product literature or specs listing R-32 refrigerant explicitly
-
ENERGY STAR certifications on units using R-32, often indicating higher efficiency
-
Manufacturer websites and datasheets mentioning environmental benefits of R-32
-
Model numbers known to use R-32 refrigerant (ask your supplier or technician)
At The Furnace Outlet’s through-the-wall AC collection, many newer models feature R-32 refrigerant, balancing modern standards with reliable performance.
💵 Rebates and Incentives for R-32 Units
Many local utilities and government programs offer rebates or tax incentives for installing high-efficiency, low-GWP air conditioners — including those with R-32 refrigerant.
Some good resources to check include the Database of State Incentives for Renewables & Efficiency (DSIRE), which provides up-to-date information on state and local rebates, as well as the ENERGY STAR Rebate Finder, which helps identify available incentives in your area.
🤔 Common Questions About R-32 Through-The-Wall Air Conditioners
Q: Is R-32 safe for home use?
A: Yes, when installed and serviced by certified pros following safety guidelines. The mild flammability classification means extra care is needed, but it’s widely accepted and used globally.
Q: Can I service my existing through-the-wall AC to switch to R-32?
A: No. R-32 requires compatible equipment designed for its properties. Retrofitting older systems built for R-22 or R-410A isn’t recommended.
Q: Does R-32 refrigerant affect performance in hot climates?
A: R-32 has excellent thermodynamic properties that often outperform R-410A in heat transfer efficiency, making it a solid choice even in hotter environments.
Conclusion: Make the Smart Choice with R-32 Through-The-Wall ACs
Choosing a through-the-wall air conditioner with R-32 refrigerant means you're investing in:
-
Improved energy efficiency that lowers bills
-
Reduced environmental impact and compliance with regulations
-
Future-proof technology ready for stricter standards
-
Reliable cooling performance for your home or office
If you’re ready to upgrade or install a through-the-wall AC, ask for R-32 models and work with a certified HVAC technician for installation and servicing. The benefits will pay off in comfort, savings, and peace of mind.
For the latest models and best deals on R-32 through-the-wall air conditioners, check out the The Furnace Outlet through-the-wall AC collection.
Author Bio
Tony Marino is a veteran HVAC technician with over 20 years of hands-on experience. He breaks down complex HVAC topics into straightforward advice homeowners can trust to make informed decisions.
